Today in History: Russia's First President, Boris Yeltsin, Died on this Day Back in 2007 Aged 76

Boris Yeltsin, the first freely elected president of Russia who played a crucial role in the dissolution of the Soviet Union, died on April 23, 2007 in Moscow at the age of 76. Yeltsin's death marks the end of an era in Russian politics, as he oversaw the country's tumultuous transition from communism to a market-based economy and democracy.

Yeltsin served as the President of the Russian Federation from 1991 to 1999, facing numerous challenges during his tenure. He famously stood atop a tank to rally opposition against a coup attempt by hardliners in August 1991, a defining moment that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union. As president, Yeltsin implemented sweeping economic reforms, including privatization of state-owned enterprises and liberalization of prices, which were met with mixed results and often led to economic hardship for many Russians.

Despite his efforts to transform Russia, Yeltsin's presidency was marred by political and economic instability, as well as personal health issues. He faced a strong opposition in parliament and survived an impeachment attempt in 1999. Yeltsin's decision to use military force in the breakaway republic of Chechnya also drew criticism and led to a prolonged conflict in the region.

In a surprise announcement on December 31, 1999, Yeltsin resigned from office, handing over power to his chosen successor, Vladimir Putin. In his farewell address, Yeltsin acknowledged his mistakes and asked for forgiveness from the Russian people. "I want to beg forgiveness for your dreams that never came true. And also I would like to beg forgiveness not to have justified your hopes," he said.

Why this matters: Yeltsin's death represents the passing of a notable figure in modern Russian history. His legacy, though complex and controversial, shaped the course of Russia's post-Soviet development and its relationship with the West.

Yeltsin's death at the age of 76 was due to heart failure, according to the Kremlin. World leaders expressed their condolences and recognized Yeltsin's role in Russia's democratic transition. Former U.S. President George W. Bush praised Yeltsin as a "historic figure" who "played a key role in the peaceful dissolution of

Key Takeaways

• Boris Yeltsin, the first freely elected Russian president, died in 2007 at 76.
• Yeltsin oversaw Russia's transition from communism to a market economy and democracy.
• Yeltsin faced political and economic instability, survived impeachment, and used force in Chechnya.
• Yeltsin resigned in 1999, handing power to Vladimir Putin, his chosen successor.
• Yeltsin's complex legacy shaped post-Soviet Russia's development and relations with the West.