Punjab By-Elections Marred by Low Turnout and Irregularities, Report Finds

The by-elections held in Punjab, Pakistan were characterized by low voter turnout, procedural irregularities, and restrictions on independent observation, according to a report released by the Free and Fair Election Network (FAFEN). The report highlighted issues in two provincial constituencies, PP-36 Wazirabad and PP-22 Chakwal-cum-Talagang, despite noting improvements in results management and a decrease in invalid ballots compared to the general elections held in February.

FAFEN deployed 259 observers to monitor the voting and counting processes during the by-elections, which were necessitated by vacancies due to deaths and seat vacations. However, the observers were barred from accessing voting and counting processes at 19 polling stations in the two Punjab constituencies. "Security officials or presiding officers barred FAFEN observers from observing the election process in 19 polling stations," the report stated.

While polling station establishment, voter identification, and counting were largely compliant with the law, the report noted instances of omissions in ballot issuance requirements. The voter turnout declined by 9% compared to the general elections, with a sharper drop observed in Lahore's constituencies. However, the turnout increased in Gujrat and Khuzdar.

The number of invalid ballots was almost halved compared to the general elections, and no constituency had rejected ballots exceeding the margin of victory. The Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) issued provisional results on time, despite cellular data service disruptions in some areas.

The report also highlighted that the winning parties from the general elections retained their seats, except in PP-36 Wazirabad and PP-93 Bhakkar, where PML-N candidates emerged victorious. Two constituencies went uncontested in the by-elections.

Why this matters: The report's findings underscore ongoing challenges in ensuring free, fair, and transparent elections in Pakistan. The issues highlighted, such as low voter turnout, procedural irregularities, and restrictions on independent observation, raise concerns about the integrity of the electoral process and the need for further reforms.

Despite the improvements in results management and the reduction in invalid ballots, the FAFEN report emphasizes the importance of addressing the declining voter turnout and ensuring unhindered access for independent observers to enhance the credibility of future elections in Pakistan. The ECP and relevant authorities will need to review the findings and take necessary measures to strengthen the electoral process and maintain public confidence in the democratic system.

Key Takeaways

• By-elections in Punjab, Pakistan had low voter turnout, irregularities, and restricted observation.
• FAFEN observers were barred from 19 polling stations, raising transparency concerns.
• Voter turnout declined by 9% compared to general elections, with variations across constituencies.
• Invalid ballots reduced, but winning parties from general elections mostly retained their seats.
• The report highlights the need for reforms to ensure free, fair, and transparent elections.